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Objective:To explore the eye movement characteristics of social cognitive processing in schizophrenia patients across different stages and its association with clinical symptoms.Methods:Fifteen patients with first-episode schizophrenia, forty-six patients with chronic inpatient schizophrenia, thirty-six patients with psychiatric clinical high-risk syndrome, and twenty-six healthy controls were recorded using eye tracking technology when viewing social interaction pictures. Covariance analysis and partial correlation analysis were conducted by SPSS17.0.Results:When watching the pictures of person communication, there were statistically significant differences in the average fixation duration of the four groups of subjects ((294.6±36.7)ms in control group, (280.0±54.0)ms in clinical high-risk group, (268.5±34.9)ms in first-episode group, and (315.7±75.7) ms in chronic group, respectively, F=3.18, P=0.027). When viewing the pictures of no person landscape, the average saccade amplitude of the four groups of subjects was significantly different (5.3±1.1) ° in control group, (4.7±1.1) ° in clinical high-risk group, (5.2±1.0) ° in first-episode group, and (4.4±1.2) ° in chronic group, respectively, F=3.37, P=0.021). The average fixation duration of chronic patients when observing person communication pictures was positively correlated with the total score of PANSS (partial correlation coefficient=0.313, P=0.039). The average fixation duration of chronic patients when observing the other two types of pictures were also positively correlated with the total score of PANSS (partial correlation coefficient=0.320, P=0.034, no person communication pictures; partial correlation coefficient=0.372, P=0.013, no person landscape pictures) . The average fixation duration of chronic patients when observing pictures of no person landscape was positively correlated with the PANSS positive symptom score (partial correlation coefficient=0.321, P=0.034). The average fixation duration of chronic patients when observing any type of picture was positively correlated with the PANSS general symptom score (person communication pictures: partial correlation coefficient=0.385, P=0.010; no person communication pictures: partial correlation coefficient=0.409, P=0.006; no person landscape pictures: partial correlation coefficient=0.465, P=0.001). In the first-episode patient, the average saccade amplitude when observing no person communication pictures was positively correlated with the PANSS positive symptom score (partial correlation coefficient=0.555, P=0.049). In the clinical high-risk group, the average saccade amplitude when observing person communication pictures was negatively correlated with the SOPS positive symptom score (partial correlation coefficient=-0.373, P=0.030). Conclusion:There are statistically significant differences of eye movement characteristics of social cognitive processing in patients with schizophrenia across different clinical stages.The average saccade amplitude is more sensitive than the average fixation duration in predicting the severity of symptoms in clinical high-risk patients.
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The 2013 National Practitioners Qualification Examination Work Conference proposed to reform the traditional one-stop test into two stage. In May 2017, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine participated in this empirical study as a pilot for the first time. This paper made a preliminary summary and analysis of the results of the phased examination. Because of the absence and deficiency of clinical skills of students in our school, we carried out a series of reform measures for clinical skill courses: enhancing teaching facilities, enriching teaching contents and methods, reforming assessment mode and strengthening the monitoring of the teaching quality of clinical skills. According to the students, reform measures are conducive to consolidating theoretical knowledge and improving clinical skills, laying a good foundation for successfully passing the national examination of medical practitioners and becoming a qualified medical talent.
ABSTRACT
The 2013 National Practitioners Qualification Examination Work Conference proposed to reform the traditional one-stop test into two stage. In May 2017, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine participated in this empirical study as a pilot for the first time. This paper made a preliminary summary and analysis of the results of the phased examination. Because of the absence and deficiency of clinical skills of students in our school, we carried out a series of reform measures for clinical skill courses:enhancing teaching facilities, enriching teaching contents and methods, reforming assessment mode and strengthening the monitoring of the teaching quality of clinical skills. According to the students, reform measures are conducive to consolidating theoretical knowledge and improving clinical skills, laying a good foundation for successfully passing the national examination of medical practitioners and becoming a qualified medical talent.
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Objective To investigate the characteristics and feasibility of genipin-crosslinked amniotic membrane(AM) as bio-scaffold.Methods Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) were isolated from fresh umbilical cord and cultured by adherent method.The expressions of PE-CD34,PE-CD45,PE-CD90,FITC-105 and FITC-Oct-4,the markers of hUCMSCs,were detected by flow cytometry.Alizarin red and oil red O staining were performed to identify the cells after adipogenesis and osteogenesis induction on the third-generation cells.Human AMs were treated at 37 ℃ and 45 ℃ by 0.5％ and 1％ genipin solution for 24,36 and 48 hours respectively,and the mechanical properties of AM in each group were measured and compared.The hUCMSCs were divided into only hUCMSCs culture group,fresh AM group,crosslinked AM group,gelatin group and crosslinked AM+gelatin group,and the cells were cultured in the corresponding medium.The content of hydroxyproline among the groups was detected with hydroxyproline kit,and proliferation of the cells (absorbance) was assayed by MTT method to evaluate the biological compatibility of crosslinked AM.Results The maximum tensile displacement of the crosslinked-AM by 0.5％ and 1％ genipin was (8.31±0.43)mm and (4.49±0.37)mm respectively,and those after crosslinked with 0.5％ genipin under the 37 ℃ and 45 ℃ for 24 hours was (9.89±1.09)mm and (5.39±0.59)mm,respectively,showing a significant difference between them (t =6.389,P＜0.05).The maximum tensile displacement of the crosslinked-AM was gradually decreased as the lapse of crosslinking time,and an insignificant difference was found among 24,36 and 48 hours after 0.5％ genipin treatment under the 37 ℃ (P＞0.05).The loading force of the crosslinked-AM was significantly higher in the 1％ genipin treated group than that in the 0.5％ genipin treated group (P＜0.05),and the loading force of the AM was significantly increased in 45 ℃,0.5％ genipin,24 hours crosslinked group compared with the 37 ℃,0.5％ genipin,24 hours crosslinked group (t =5.528,P＜0.05).The content of hydroxyproline in the AM was (1.28±0.36),(2.03 ±0.49) and (2.11 ±0.10) mg/g in the 1％ genipin crosslinked AM group,0.5％ genipin crosslinked AM group and fresh AM group,respectively,and the content of hydroxyproline in the AM in the 1％ genipin group was significantly lower than that in the 0.5％ genipin group in the fresh AM group (both at P＜0.05).The proliferative values of the hUCMSCs were significantly lower in the only hUCMSCs culture group,fresh AM group and gelatin group were significantly reduced in comparison with the crosslinked AM group and crosslinked AM+gelatin group (all at P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the proliferative values of the hUCMSCs between crosslinked AM group and crosslinked AM+gelatin group (P＞0.05).Conclusions Different crosslinked temprature,crosslinking period and concentration of genipin impact the mechanical properties of AM.Crosslinked AM with genipin is feasible as a carrier scaffold of artificial cornea because of less tissue toxicity and better plasticity.
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We are facing increasing stress and challenges because of the fierce competition and fast pace of daily work and life.In other words,we are exposed to more frequent and intense social stress.Continual and intense stress is known to be detrimental to human well-being.Stress has been regarded as a major contributing factor of human diseases.There-fore,it′s necessary to review the recent research progress in stress biomarkers that are of different types,such as cortisol,α-amylase,catecholamine,heat shock protein and cytokines.In this review,we will focus on the most well reported stress biomarkers,including cortisol and α-amylase.We hope that this review will enable researchers and practitioners to gain in-sights into stress biomarkers,which will lead to improved healthcare decisions regarding prevention,treatment and rehabili-tation of stress-related diseases.
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Objective To evaluate pulmonary hypertension(PH) and surgical therapeutic effects using radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging in patients of valvular heart disease. Methods And material 115 patients accumulated with valvular disease were included from May 2001 to August 2007. Echocardiography and first-pass radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging(FPPPI) were performed in all patients before surgery,7days after surgery and 3 months after surgery(33cases). Patients were divided into four groups. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) is normal group[mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP)≤20mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0. 133 kPa)]; PAP slightly rise group[20 mm Hg < MPAP≤30 mm Hg]; PAP moderate rise group[30 mm Hg < MPAP≤50 mm Hg]; PAP weighty rise group[MPAP >50 mm Hg]. Results Lung Equilibrium Time (LET)by FPPPI were(18.87 ± 4.80) s, (26. 17 ± 7.09) s, (38.48 ± 7.09) s and (54.59 ± 7.96) s in this four groups before surgery. LET were 17.58 ±4.52, 21.51 ±6.44, 23.94 ±5.85, 27.29 ±6.70 in this four groups 7 days after surgery (P<0.001). There were no siguificantly differences of LET in 33 cases 3 months after surgery compared with those of 7 days after surgery. Conclusion Pulmonary arterial pressure siguificantly decreased 7 days after surgery in patients with PH of valvular heart disease, especially in those of slightly and moderate rise groups. FPPPI is an accuracy method in evaluating surgical therapeutic effects in valvular heart disease.